A DNA-based framework for ecosystem monitoring in the Sub-Antarctic using vertebrate scats

Dr Julie Mcinnes¹, Dr Bruce Deagle², Ms Andrea Polanowski³, Prof Ben Raymond³, Mr Sam Thalmann⁴, Dr Rowan Trebilco², Dr Barbara Wienecke³, Prof Mary-Anne Lea¹

¹Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University Of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, ²CSIRO, Hobart, Australia, ³Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Australia, ⁴Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Tasmania, Hobart, Australia

Abstract:

Ecosystem monitoring programs that aim to support the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function require a sound knowledge of species composition and food web linkages. This information provides a foundation for assessing ecosystem changes. Seals and seabirds respond to changes in the availability of lower trophic levels, making these predators ideal indicator species to monitor change. Dietary studies provide a mechanism to assess these ecosystem changes as well as the marine biodiversity of a region. DNA metabarcoding of predator scats allows the simultaneous investigation of the diet of different predator species, increasing our understanding of ecosystem connectivity and food web structure. However, the success of these programs relies on careful selection of candidate species, appropriate sample sizes, utilisation of appropriate molecular markers, availability of reference sequences, and incorporation of DNA data into food web networks. By simultaneously studying the diet of various predators on Macquarie Island, we aim to develop a marine ecosystem monitoring framework using scat DNA to assess biodiversity of prey species in the sub-Antarctic. Through the collation of baseline and new dietary data, we will provide a sound foundation for future monitoring programs measuring change in marine species diversity.

Biography:

Julie has worked predominantly on the ecology of Southern Ocean seabirds and mammals, with a focus on applied research leading to conservation and management outcomes. She has been involved in the development and implementation and wildlife research and monitoring programs around Australia, the Antarctic and Subantarctic. Julie has used molecular methodologies to aid conservation and management programs, including DNA dietary studies of marine predators to investigate interactions with commercial fisheries, development of ecosystem monitoring programs and species detection in remote landscapes.